This doctoral research explores the conservation of genetic diversity and biodiversity in the context of cattle farming in the Netherlands. It looks at how cows and their environments are shaped by the aspiration for sustainable, circular, or agroecological farming practices. The research focuses on the making of metabolic relations on farms, making potential of genetic material in gene banking practices, circulations of traditions in remediation practices, and the making of breeds by farmers, geneticists, and breeders.